Mendel Square
What you see today in this part of Brno is drastically different from what stood here just a few decades ago, and certainly centuries ago. The square where you're standing has seen immense changes, many of which have obscured its rich history. One significant feature that no longer exists is the old Brno Town Hall. This Town Hall was located at the corner of the square, a prominent structure that dates back to the late 18th century. Unfortunately, it was demolished in 1965 during a period of urban redevelopment.
Staré Brno Town Hall - c. 1910
This redevelopment was part of a larger effort to rebuild and modernize areas of Brno that had been heavily damaged during World War II. Bombing during the war left many buildings in this area in a state of disrepair. Rather than attempting to restore them, city planners opted for a massive redesign of the square in the 1960s. Sadly, this was done without much regard for the architectural and historical value of the structures they replaced. The result was the loss of not only the old Town Hall but also many other historic buildings that gave the area its unique character. The new development was largely utilitarian, with structures that reflected the aesthetics of the era but lacked the charm and historical significance of their predecessors.
Another notable feature of the square's past is the millstream, or millrace, that once flowed through here. This artificial stream was created centuries ago, originating about a kilometer away from the Svratka River. The purpose of the millstream was to drive water wheels for the mills that were essential to the city's early industrial activity. The stream meandered through this area, passing through the blocks of buildings that once stood in the middle of the square.
The millstream continued along the southern edge of the square, curving around what is now a school before flowing further south. This waterway was a defining feature of Staré Brno and contributed to its distinctive character. However, by the 20th century, the stream was increasingly seen as a hindrance rather than an asset. Beginning in the interwar period, efforts were made to cover and divert the watercourse. By the time the post-war redevelopment was complete, the millstream had been completely covered, its presence erased from the modern cityscape.
Transformation of Mendlovo Náměstí
Today, the stream's path is roughly traced by the tram lines that run through the square. Where you now see tracks and modern infrastructure, there once flowed water that supported the mills and daily life of the people of Brno. These changes highlight the transformation of Brno from an industrial hub with natural and historical features into a modern city with a focus on functionality. This area's transformation wasn't limited to the square itself. The adjacent streets also saw significant changes during the 20th century. The Kras factory, a major industrial enterprise located nearby, was once a key player in Brno's economy.
The Stream
Known for producing textiles and clothing, the factory thrived during the height of Brno's industrial prominence but, like many other industries, couldn't survive the post-communist economic transition. The factory ultimately went bankrupt in the 1990s, and its site has been earmarked for redevelopment.
Křižova Street leading to Mendel Square
Plans for the redevelopment of this area, including what is being called Mendel Square, are ambitious. The project includes a mix of office spaces, shops, green parks, and around 350 residential flats. Designed by a renowned team of architects based in Brno, this redevelopment aims to breathe new life into the area while maintaining a nod to its historical significance. The gardens that you can see near around the Mendel Square, for instance, once extended much further into the surrounding industrial area. Similarly, many of the streets and tram routes in this district follow paths that were originally shaped by the old millstream and the railway tracks. As we walk through this area, you'll notice how these layers of history have influenced the modern layout of the city.
While much has been lost, efforts to redevelop and preserve Brno's historical character are ongoing. The city continues to evolve, striving to balance its industrial past with its aspirations for a modern, vibrant future.
